저번 시간에는 초음파란 무엇인지, 그리고 초음파 센서의 작동방식에 대해서 학습했다. 이번에는 초음파센서를 이용하여 LED를 ON/OFF하는 예제를 실습해보자.
아두이노 기초 프로그래밍에서, 조건문(if문)을 배웠는데, 조건문을 이용하여, 일정거리 이하일 때 LED를 ON하고, 일정거리 이상일 때 LED를 OFF하도록 해보자.
준비물
| NO | 부품명 | 수량 |
| 1 | 아두이노 UNO R3 | 1 |
| 2 | 초음파 센서(HC-SR04) | 1 |
| 3 | LED | 1 |
| 4 | 330Ω 저항 | 1 |
| 5 | 브레드 보드 | 1 |
| 6 | 점퍼 케이블 | 8 |
회로도
코드
코드 보기int echoPin = 7; // 송신부
int trigPin = 8; // 수신부
int led = 3; // led핀을 선언
float duration;
float distance;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); // 초음파 송신
delay(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Echo pin이 HIGH를 유지한 시간 저장
distance = ((float)(340 * duration) / 10000) / 2; // 거리 계산
// 측정된 거리 값를 시리얼 모니터에 출력
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println("cm");
// 측정된 거리가 10cm 이하라면, LED ON
if (distance < 10)
{
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
}
// 측정된 거리가 10cm 이상이라면, LED OFF
else
{
digitalWrite(led, LOW);
}
// 0.2초 동안 대기
delay(200);
}
실습
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